Ram Pressure

Ram Pressure
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prinzipielle Messeinrichtung für Staudruck, Differenzdruckmessung

Der Staudruck, auch als dynamischer Druck bezeichnet, ist in inkompressiblen Strömungen die Differenz zwischen dem statischen Druck der freien Anströmung und dem in einem Staupunkt wirkenden Gesamtdruck. Der Staudruck kann daher nur mittels Differenzdruckmessung, beispielsweise unter Verwendung einer Prandtlsonde, ermittelt werden.

Durch Messung des Staudrucks kann die Geschwindigkeit der Anströmung bestimmt werden, beispielsweise bei einem Flugzeug mit dem vorne angebrachten Staurohr.

Mathematische Beschreibung

In sehr großer Entfernung vor dem angeströmten Körper herrsche eine parallele, rotationsfreie Anströmung mit der Geschwindigkeit v_ \infty. Der statische Druck betrage p_ \infty, der Gesamtdruck sei p_0 \ . Dann folgt für eine reibungsfreie, stationäre und inkompressible Strömung aus der Bernoulli-Gleichung, im Staupunkt (v_0=0 \ ):

\frac{v_ \infty ^2}{2g}+ \frac{p_ \infty}{\rho g} = \underbrace {\frac{v_0^2}{2 g}}_{=0}+ \frac{p_0}{\rho g}

Der Staudruck q_ \infty ergibt sich aus der Differenz vom Gesamtdruck p_0 \ und dem statischen Druck p_ \infty:

q_ \infty = p_0 - p_ \infty = \frac{\rho}{2}v_ \infty ^2

Siehe auch


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