Rule of Five

Rule of Five

Die Rule of Five (engl. für „5er-Regel“) ist eine Faustregel für die orale Bioverfügbarkeit einer chemischen Verbindung. Sie wurde 1997 von dem Chemiker Christopher Lipinski aufgestellt. Lipinski stellte fest, dass viele gängige Arzneistoffe relativ kleine und lipophile Moleküle sind.[1] Die „Rule of Five“ findet beispielsweise Anwendung in der Pharmaforschung, um abzuschätzen, ob ein neu entwickelter Arzneistoff als orales Arzneimittel angewendet werden kann.

Definition

Eine chemische Substanz hat eine gute orale Bioverfügbarkeit, wenn sie folgende Bedingungen erfüllt:

Der Name „Rule of Five“ rührt daher, dass alle Zahlenwerte gleich oder ein geradzahliges Vielfaches von fünf sind.

Erweiterungen

Zur besseren Beurteilung der druglikeness wurden die ursprünglichen Regeln erweitert und 1999 von Ghose et al. publiziert:[2]

  • Der Verteilungskoeffizienten (log P) liegt in einem Bereich zwischen -0.4 und +5.6
  • Die molekulare Brechung liegt zwischen 40 und 130
  • Die molare Masse liegt zwischen 160 und 480
  • Die Gesamtzahl der Atome liegt zwischen 20 und 70

Einzelnachweise

  1. C. A. Lipinski, F. Lombardo, B. W. Dominy, P. J. Feeney, Experimental and computational approaches to estimate solubility and permeability in drug discovery and development settings, Adv. Drug Del. Rev., 2001, 46, 3-26. (doi:10.1016/S0169-409X(00)00129-0)
  2. Arup K. Ghose, Vellarkad N. Viswanadhan, John J. Wendoloski: In J. Combin. Chem. 1999, 55-68, A Knowledge-Based Approach in Designing Combinatorial or Medicinal Chemistry Libraries for Drug Discovery doi:10.1021/cc9800071

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