Dawes-Limit

Dawes-Limit

Das Dawes-Kriterium beschreibt das maximale Auflösungsvermögen eines Mikroskops oder Teleskops. Es ist nach seinem Entdecker William Rutter Dawes benannt. Verwandt ist es mit dem von Lord Rayleigh beschriebenen Rayleigh-Kriterium.

Das Dawes-Kriterium besagt, daß die Bilder zweier punktförmiger Objekte vom Teleskop gerade noch aufgelöst werden können wenn ihr Winkelabstand

\alpha = \arcsin \left( \frac{\lambda}{d} \right) \approx \frac{\lambda}{d}

ist, wobei d der Durchmesser der Linse bzw. des Hauptspiegels des verwendeten Teleskops ist. In praktischen Einheiten und für sichtbares Licht mit 550 nm Wellenlänge ist dann etwa

Beim Dawes-Kriterium überlappen die beiden Beugungsscheibchen so stark, dass fast keine Einsenkung zwischen den Maxima zu erkennen ist.

Im Vergleich zum Dawes-Kriterium gibt das Rayleigh-Kriterium ein um den Faktor 1,22 schlechteres Auflösungsvermögen an. Hier gibt es noch eine deutliche Einsenkung zwischen den Maxima.


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